A way of thinking about cause and effect in the world that is learned as part of experiencing everyday life.
A series of three statements: two statements (premises) followed by a third statement (conclusion). The conclusions can follow from the premises based on the rules of logic.
Reasoning in which a conclusion follows from a consideration of evidence. • The conclusion is probably true, but it could be false.
Reasoning involving syllogisms in which a conclusion logically follows from premises. • The conclusion is definitely true.
A process by which people start with information and draw conclusions that go beyond that information.
Participants in psychological experiments tend to focus on surface features in analogy problems, whereas people in the real world frequently use deeper, more structural features.
A technique in which people compare two problems that illustrate a principle. This technique is designed to help people discover similar structural features of cases or problems.
Changing how a problem is represented. Eg: find x from known r in circle. Gestalt psychologists also introduced the idea that restructuring is associated with insight.
