An anti-reflective coating created by Nikon in the course of developing a leading stepper for the manufacture of integrated circuits. Constructed of extremely fine crystalline particles measured in nanometers (1/1,000,000 mm), it has layer with a very low refractive index, ensuring that it is even less reflective than existing coatings throughout the visible wavelengths (380 nm–780 nm) and which in addition makes it possible to reduce reflectivity in a wider band of wavelengths and range of angles. It is extremely effective in reducing flare and ghosting.