Telecine is a term used to describe a device used to convert film to video. In advanced telecine machines, the movie film is digitally sampled and converted to video, frame by frame in real-time. Frame rate is the biggest problem encountered in film-to-video conversion. Movie film has a frame rate of 18, 24 or 30 fps (frames per second) contrasting with the 30 and 25 fps video frame rates of NTSC and PAL respectively.