a) A technique for taking a 2D image and applying (mapping) it as a surface onto a 3D object. b) Conversion of bytes (8 bits) to 2n-bit wide symbols. Thus n is the bit width for the I and Q quantization; e.g., at 64 QAM the symbol width is 2n = 6 bit, n = 3, i.e., I and Q are subdivided into 23 = 8 amplitude values each. c) Refers to the definition of memory for storing data used by a particular display mode. The range of addresses reserved for graphics information in IBM-compatible systems is from A000:0 to BFFF:F.