Special Commission appointed by President Lyndon Johnson in July 1967, to investigate race riots of the preceding two years. The final report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, released in March 1968, detailed patterns of inequality and racism embedded in urban life. It also issued a warning: “What white Americans have never fully understood—but what the Negro can never forget—is that white society is deeply implicated in the ghetto. White institutions created it, white institutions maintain it, and white society condones it. Our nation is moving towards two societies, one black, one white—separate and unequal.” The Kerner Commission’s report was characteristic of a time before the full impact of renewed immigration was felt. Race was one division in American society but others were becoming increasingly apparent. Nevertheless, American society would become increasingly divided between those who benefited from the perquisites of suburban culture and those confined to inner cities as a growing underclass.