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soil

The unconsolidated mineral matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for growth of land plants. This has been subjected to and influenced by genetic environmental factors of parent material, climate (including moisture and temperature), macro- and microorganisms, and topography, all acting over a period of time and producing a product--soil--that differs from the material from which it is derived in many physical, chemical, biological, and morphological properties.

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  • D.Herbert
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