This is a retirement program run by the government. It is paid for through federal income tax money. It gives Americans a check each month based on the years they have worked and the money they have earned during their life. Age 62 is the earliest age to receive Social Security. Employers decide the age when a person can receive full benefits. If a person has earned more money in their life, money in the Social Security check may be higher. If they have earned less, their check amount may be lower.